Child Abuse Essays

Child Abuse Essays Child Abuse Essay Child Abuse Essay Child Abuse in America (Persuasive Essay) â€Å"Child abuse casts a shadow the length of a lifetime. †-Herbert Ward. The writer is going to cite examples and portray vivid details so that the reader will understand about child abuse. â€Å"Child cruelty does not discriminate against a child because of race, sex, age, religion, or socioeconomic. †(1) â€Å"According to the two research articles that the essayist refers to child abuse now is recognizable in four categories. † (1) Child abuse should not be an issue that we put aside because we are harming innocent children and in some circumstances we are killing our children. According to the Webster dictionary child means â€Å"human before puberty† and abuse means â€Å"use or treat wrongly. † The term child was origin from the Old English language in the sixteenth century. The term abuse is originated from the Middle French in the fifteenth century. When you combine the words child and abuse they mean â€Å"human before puberty treated wrongly. † There is only one true meaning for both of these terms. The four categories of child abuse are physical abuse, sexual abuse, verbal abuse, neglect, and emotional maltreatment. Emotional abuse could be rejecting, ignoring, terrorizing, isolating, and corrupting the child. Emotional abuse accounts for only eight percent if all child abuse. Neglect abuse is not providing food, clothing, or appropriate medical care. Physical abuse is the intent to inflict physical injury upon the child. There are many signs of physical abuse. Normally there is bruising on some part of the body. Having a pattern of bruising may indicate strong signs of physical abuse. Sexual abuse is any inappropriate sexual behavior with a child. (1-2) Child abuse is killing our children on a daily basis. The maltreatment of children takes on the form of physical and sexual abuse as well as neglect and. Physical abuse is usually defined as non-accidental physical harm or injury (DeHahn, p.16). This could probably range from uncontrolled discipline of a child to downright unthinkable acts of torture. In his book, The Lost Boy, Pelzer describes his experiences of growing up in an abusive home. In fits of anger his mother would scream at him, pinch him, and slap him.

The Subjunctive Mood

The Subjunctive Mood The Subjunctive Mood The Subjunctive Mood By Jacquelyn Landis No single part of speech gives writers more grief than the mighty verb. Think about all the elements you must take into consideration when forming verbs. They have tense, number, person, voice, and mood. Where things get especially dicey is with a verbs mood, in particular, the subjunctive mood. Take a look at this sentence: I wish I was/were vacationing on a tropical island instead of at my desk working. The correct verb choice is the second one: were. It expresses the subjunctive mood, something we use to convey a wish or a condition that isnt true. And since the speaker isnt actually vacationing on a tropical island, this is a perfect case for using the subjunctive mood. Most writers will intuitively plunk in some form of a past-tense version of the verb to be in a sentence like our example. The important thing to remember about the subjunctive mood is to choose the correct version. When using the subjunctive mood, the correct version is were. One good test is to mentally add but Im not to the sentence. If that makes it a true statement, then its a likely candidate for the subjunctive mood: I wish I were vacationing on a tropical island instead of at my desk working (but Im not). If he were ten feet tall (but hes not), he could wash the windows without using a ladder. You might hear that the subjunctive mood is fading from common use, and thats probably true (Maeve wrote about that on The irrealis â€Å"were†). However, its still a hallmark of correct usage, and savvy writers will try hard to get it right. Tevye, from Fiddler on the Roof, got it right in the song If I Were a Rich Man. So did Bobby Darin in If I Were a Carpenter. It might be one of the worst songs of all time, but the grammar is spot-on. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Is She a "Lady" or a "Woman"?Hyper and Hypo"Wracking" or "Racking" Your Brain?

To provide an insight to the critical issue that the UK mobile phone Thesis - 1

To provide an insight to the critical issue that the UK mobile phone service providers suffer from high attrition rate - Thesis Example r may not hold the customer loyalty thus the only formula left for Vodafone is through the employment of surveys to determine the correct strategy to prevent attrition to another phone company. What have been determined is that there is another market that is coexisting alongside the cellular phone market. Cellular or mobile phone service subscriber attrition or the migration of subscribers to another mobile phone service provider is a normal trend that occurs if the expectation of the subscribers en masse were not met. This could be the failure of the mobile service provider to meet the very basic demand which is the provisioning of mobile service. Or the failure of the mobile service company to resolve long standing issues. Or the failure of the mobile service company to grow alongside their subscriber to provide the necessary technology or functionality and be the constant companion in whatever endeavor they would be engaged in. For whatever reason behind the decision to migrate t o another mobile service provider it is the failure of the mobile service company. The question this thesis is trying to answer is what strategy can be employed to ensure customer loyalty to prevent customer attrition. The last fifteen years has seen the mobile phone industry experiencing phenomenal growth in usage as well as in technological advances. From TDMA to CDMA from simple GSM to 3G or even 4G technology, the mobile phone industry has created a lifestyle and a social norm that permeate in every sinew of society’s collective consciousness. Not only would the demand for the technology increase the level of sophistication of mobile phone user’s need and taste, it will similarly increase along with what technology can offer. With roughly seven billion potential users worldwide the mobile phone’s market insertion only managed nearly fifty percentile. Mobile phone patronage is clearly dependent on what technology can offer as proven by the shift from CDMA to full GSM format at

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Human Immunodeficiency Virus - Essay Example Heterosexual infection remains the primary route of transmission for the virus in the country. HIV is rapidly transforming itself into a different disease which means that innovative and creative strategies need to be formulated for achieving optimum results. Information exchange and accessibility is another strategy that can lead to superior outcomes. A preventive strategy needs to be modified so that poor and marginalized communities have access to resources. The NHS should strive to develop a coordinated database that can be shared by private health organizations and voluntary organizations. This can be used to ensure that superior treatments are available for patients belonging to vulnerable and susceptible risk groups. The United Kingdom has an advanced and well-developed health system. Public health indicators have been improving due to the advent of technology and rapid interventions. However considerable problems continue to exert a strain on the health system. HIV is considered to be a major problem in the United Kingdom due to a number of reasons. It can inflict a heavy toll on individuals in terms of financial, emotional, and psychological problems (Hough, 2003: Pg 644). It can lead to high levels of anxiety, stress, depression, and frustration among individuals. Further many individuals hesitate to disclose HIV due to the social stigmas associated with it. Empirical studies have documented that heterosexuals and homosexuals comprise the leading risk group for HIV. Minorities are vulnerable to the disease due to the lack of effective and efficient procedures (Flowers & Duncan, 2003: Pg 179). The lack of information means that many individuals forego preventive treatment in order to reduce co sts. This can be deleterious for the NHS that seeks to maintain an integrated and coordinated program for HIV management and prevention. The NHS needs to formulate an efficient and effective system that can be used to attain excellence. A comprehensive strategy should focus on HIV prevention and patient empowerment. Further there is the need to deploy efficient and effective strategies that can be used to attain excellence in combating the disease. This research paper will seek to analyze the issue of HIV as a major public issue in the United Kingdom. It will formulate a smart strategy that can be used to enhance the process of HIV detection, prevention, and management. Background HIV is a condition that can be debilitating and incapacitating for many individuals. It leads the weakening of the immunological system. It can lead to fatal outcomes if not properly treated. HIV can be transmitted through various means. Sexual intercourse is the main cause of the transfer of the disease (Lee, 2003: Pg 2201). Contaminated blood and needles can also lead to infection of individuals with HIV. Finally children who are born from HIV infected mothers are likely to be diagnosed with the disease. HIV has become a major public issue in the United Kingdom. This is due to the fact that it can cause significant health problems in the population (UNAIDS, 2000: pg 23). It can lead to negative outcomes that must be tackled in a systematic and logical manner. The United Kingdom has a comprehensive system for tackling HIV. It has developed a robust program for surveillance and management of

GASB and FASB Accounting Paper Essay Example for Free

GASB and FASB Accounting Paper Essay In this paper I will describe the different between GASB and FASB and their objectives of the two standards. I will also provide how to modified accrual basis of accounting in which they differs from full accrual accounting. The GASB sets generally accepted accounting standards for the government except the federal government and non-profit organizations while the FASB is for private and public organizations. The objective of GASB is to create and set accounting standards that would ensure that financial statements would be accurate for creditors, investors and to the public. The GASB really do not have the power to enforce compliance with the standards but the authorities for its standard are recognized under the code of professional conduct of the AICPA. Most financial statements accounting for government and non-profit organizations are fund base, which actually shows how their organization money is used instead of how much revenue they earned in the cycle. The objective for the FASB was created to aid improve standards of financial accounting and reporting the way financial reporting by nongovernmental, that provides information in which is use to make decision regarding data that is use by investors, creditors, auditors of financial reports. In simpler terms the FASB is a set of standards that would record and present financial transactions in which the businesses must have to present how they will earn revenue instead of how much revenue they have spent for the cycle period. The accrual accounting will record all revenues and expenditures and there is no set rule of when cash is pertain to the translations and received or paid whether used by private corporation or public corporation in modified accrual accounting revenues that are available by measurable and expenditures when there are liability related to incurred and used by government organization in the accounting for their transactions. But exception to the rule there is no deferral of cost that  will be done in the future period cycles. All physical assets that will be services in the future must be written off or expense with in the period the service occurs. In conclusion, the GASB and the FASB are great standards to use when operating organization whether is private organization or a public organization. Both have a set of rule and regulations that improve the way financial report should be created, prepared and reduced the risk of fraud References Granof, M.H. Khumanwala, S.B. (2011). Government and not-for-profit accounting: Concepts practices. (5thed.)) Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley Son Copley, P.A., Engstrom, J.H. (2007). Essentials of accounting for governmental and not-for-profit organizations (8th ed.). Boston, MA: McGraw-Hill/Irwin.

Feminist Re-reading of Henry Jamess Washington Square :: Henry James Washington Square

An Inappropriate Feminist Re-reading of Henry James's Washington Square The article "Re-producing James" is a defense of the feminist perspective in regards to Henry James's Washington Square. The article discusses the point of truth in words. Stating only (in a roundabout way) that the readers interpretation and perspective of reading the novel determines their understanding of the truth. The author Barbara Rasmussen, states that another critic, Ian Bell's perspective of Henry James's writing " 'exploits the ideological equipment of that which it opposes': patriarchal capitalism" (63). However, her only point seems to be that in Ian Bell's criticism as well as in Washington Square, the writing is completely phallic, capitalistic, and patriarchal. In defending the reading of Washington Square and Ian Bell's critical essays, from a feminist perspective, Rasmussen believes that it can change the way one sees these writings. She seems to think that James's and Bell's writings both depend on a "phallocentric exclusion of difference, but will themselves be just as complicit†¦in the face of patriarchal inadequacies" (66). Yet, this seems to be the contradiction that poses as the general project of a feminist re-reading of American Literature. This article was hard to read. Rasmussen was a bit roundabout at getting to her point, and once I finally figured out what she was saying, I didn't really care. I personally think that Rasmussen is a sexist woman with an over-rated opinion! She attacks both Bell and James and unjustly signifies that because the writings are from a male perspective, they are themselves sexist and phallocentric. She also implies that the feminist perspective, which she uses as no more than a title under which she can vent her own sexist attitude, is of crucial importance in reading James's Washington Square and Bell's perspectives. She believes that since she reads from the feminist perspective, she has more challenges and undertakings to recognize and deal with because of James's and Bell's use of phallic relations. One must not, however, take Rasmussen seriously. I felt that she was writing to please herself, and others like her who think that it is unjust, and sexist to write in a patriarchal manner. However, Washington Square was written in 1880 and was very much a patriarchal time. So of course, it would have been written in that perspective, especially since it was written by a man.

Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD)

Autism Spectrum Disorder – Causes, Reasons and TreatmentAutism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) is defined as a developmental disability that affects people’s personalities based on how they interact with the world (Magalhaes and Almeida, 2010). However, Sparks and Dager (2012, p. 187) defines ASD as â€Å"a serious neurodevelopmental disorder that impairs one’s ability to communicate and interact with others.† Various ASD definitions are known to be universal since they recognise it as a spectral condition (Baird et al., 2016). In his study, Umekage (2011, p. 25), indicates that ASD is a hidden disability coupled with foetal brain damage as well as impairment of neural vitro development. Characterised by interests, activities and repetitive behaviours, ASD is so complex that it varies from one case to another (Akanksha et al., 2011). Despite various studies on the reasons, causes and treatment of ASD, there are relatively unknown rationale for its causes. Chandler and Baird (2015, p. 923) posits that people with ASD need different kinds of support since their ways of development and learning differ from every individual. The aim of this paper is to discuss the causes, reasons and treatment of ASD.Causes of ASDAlthough there are undetermined causes of ASD, scientists as well as medical practitioners believe that an amalgamation of genetic and environmental factors are the two major causes of ASD (Fitzgerald and Geschwind, 2013). To start with, the cause of ASD via genetic factors is not a simple process, but a complex of progression that involve multiple genes. Causes of ASD – Gentics Autism Spectrum Disorder As indicated by Schechtman (2014, p.86) study, the rate of ASD development in identical twins as well as monozygotic is higher than rates in dizygotic and same-sex fraternal twins. This indicates that fraternal twins only share some genes, while identical twins have equal genes and therefore genes contributes much to autism. More so, Brothers as well as sisters of children with autism have high level of autism (Fitzgerald and Geschwind, 2013). From another perspective, Smith and John (2011, p. 803) in their research attributed that siblings share certain problems such as language as well as learning difficulties if one of the sibling has autism. However, it is not clear if autism is inherited as well as more general predisposition difficulties.To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayCauses of ASD – Environmental Factors Secondly, ASD can be caused by environmental factors. Environmental toxins such as mercury and thimerosoal vaccines cause autism stems (Mercer et al., 2016). More so, congenital rubella infection is one of the environmental factors that cause ASD. However, Goin-Kochel and Myers (2015, p. 172) disputes that there is any clarity environmental factors causing ASD and therefore more studies needs to be done. Rich and Isager (2012, p. 410) adds â€Å"some of the evidence proposed for environmental factors is based on case reports, which are often difficult to interpret.†Reasons for ASDASD as mentioned earlier, ASD can be caused by a combination of environmental and genetic factors, however, we have reasons ASD occurs. First, Autism exists when a single gene known as fragile X syndrome (FXS) exists in the blood (Hessl and Schneider, 2013). FXS is defined as a syndrome that is coupled with autism as well as intellectual disability (Visootsak and Picker, 2015). As per Wehner and Hager man (2011, p. 415), â€Å"Whereas ASD is a behavioural diagnosis, FXS is a medical, or more accurately, a genetic diagnosis and therefore when associated with FXS, ASD is caused by the genetic change or mutation in the Fragile X gene.† This alters normal blood circulation, hence ASD. Secondly, individuals are affected by ASD when tuberous sclerosis, chromosome 15q and other genetic conditions subsist (Hessl and Schneider, 2013).ASD Treatment – MedicationsCore symptoms associated with ASD have no medication and cure, but we have medications that help to manage high energy levels of ASD, seizures, inability to focus as well as depression symptoms (Burrell and Borrego, 2012). The first treatment method utilised during ASD is the early intervention service. This method improves individual’s development, especially children with ASD (Buitelaar and Wong, 2014). These services, such as vitamin therapy, auditory training, facilitated communication and physical therapy improve children talk, interaction and walk. Early intervention services attribute the theory of mind as an explanatory ASD theory that reflects on the symptom criteria (A) of the DSM-5. As per Gallese and Goldman (2012, p. 496), the theory of mind was created by Uta Frith, Alan Leslie and Simon Baron-Cohen in 1985 to explain communication persistence as well as social interaction for people with ASD.ASD Treatment – Behaviours and CommunicationThe second method used for ASD treatment is the behaviours and communication approaches. This method involves direct, organised and structural ways for people with ASD to participate in a given paediatric events and medication. As per Burrell and Borrego (2012, p. 424), applied behaviour analysis (ABA) is utilised as a treatment of ASD via behaviour and communication approach to encourage positive and discourage negative behaviours hence improving various skills needed during ASD treatment. This is in relation to the theory of executive dysfunction which states, â€Å"Executive functions (EF) are a set of cognitive skills that are put into practice through autonomous activities.† Most of these EF skills are utilised by ASD patients to boost their flexibility, organisation, objectives and goals, anticipation as well as to be able to control their impulses (Buitelaar and Wong, 2014). Thirdly, ASD can be treated through dietary approaches. Change in diet, such as using certain foods, mineral supplements and vitamin helps to treat certain ASD effects. However, Talalay and Zimmerman (2014) posit that although dietary approach is considered as one of the ASD treatment, there is no scientific support and recommendation. Finally, ASD can be treated using complementary and alternative treatments. Treatments associated with complementary and alternative approaches include chelation, biological such as secretin, special diets and body-based systems (Burrell and Borrego, 2012).ConclusionIn conclusion, the aim of this paper was to discuss the causes, reasons and treatment of the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD). Being a hidden disability coupled with foetal brain damage as well as impairment of neural vitro development, ASD has varied and complex behaviours hence there is unknown treatment for core symptoms. Generally, ASD is caused by a combination of genetic and environmental factors such as genes inheritance and environmental toxins respectively. Some of the treatments for ASD as discussed included the used of the early intervention services, the behaviours and communication approaches, dietary approaches and complementary and alternative treatments. Characterised by interests, activities and repetitive behaviours, ASD is so complex that it varies from one case to another and therefore its treatments depends on an individual case.To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayBibliographyAkanksha, M., Sahil, K., Premjeet, S. and Bhawna, K. (2011) â€Å"Autism spectrum disorders(ASD).† International Journal of research in ayurveda & pharmacy, 2(5), pp.1541- 1546. Baird, G., Simonoff, E. and Charman, T. (2016) â€Å"Prevalence of disorders of the autism spectrum in a population cohort of children in South Thames: the Special Needs and Autism Project (SNAP).† The lancet, 368(9531), pp.210-215. Burrell, L. and Borrego, J. (2012) â€Å"Parents’ Involvement in ASD Treatment: What Is Their Role?.† Cognitive and Behavioral Practice, 19(3), pp.423-432. Buitelaar, K. and Wong, C. (2014) â€Å"Psychopharmacological prescriptions for people with autism spectrum disorder (ASD): a multinational study.† Psychopharmacology, 231(6), pp.999-1009. Chandler, S. and Baird, G. (2015) â€Å"Psychiatric disorders in children with autism spectrum disorders: prevalence, comorbidity, and associated factors in a population-derived sample.† Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 47(8), pp.921-929. Fitzgerald, R. and Geschwind, D. (2013) â€Å"Autism recurrence in half siblings: strong support for genetic mechanisms of transmission in ASD.† Molecular psychiatry, 18(2), p.137-140. Goin-Kochel, P. and Myers, B. (2015) â€Å"Congenital versus regressive onset of autism spectrum disorders: Parents’ beliefs about causes.† Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20(3), pp.169-179. Gallese, V. and Goldman, A. (2012) â€Å"Mirror neurons and the simulation theory of mind-reading.† Trends in cognitive sciences, 2(12), pp.493-501. Hessl, D. and Schneider, A. (2013) â€Å"Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). In Encyclopedia of Autism Spectrum Disorders 79(2), pp. 1320-1324. Magalhaes, T. and Almeida, J. (2010) â€Å"Functional impact of global rare copy number variation in autism spectrum disorder.† Nature, 466(7304), pp.368-401. Mercer, L., Creighton, S. and Lewis, S. (2016) â€Å"Parental perspectives on the causes of an autism spectrum disorder in their children.† Journal of Genetic Counseling, 15(1), pp.41-50. Rich, B. and Isager, T. (2012) â€Å"Mortality and causes of death in autism spectrum disorders: an update.† Autism, 12(4), pp.403-414. Sparks, B. and Dager, S. (2012) â€Å"Brain structural abnormalities in young children with autism spectrum disorder.† Neurology, 59(2), pp.184-192. Schechtman, M. (2014) â€Å"Scientifically unsupported therapies in the treatment of young children with autism disorders.† Psychiatric Annals, 37(9), pp. 79-92. Smith, S. and John, W. (2011) â€Å"Col4a1 mutation causes endoplasmic reticulum stress and genetically modifiable ocular dysgenesis.† Human molecular genetics, 16(7), pp.798- 807. Talalay, P. and Zimmerman, A. (2014) â€Å"Sulforaphane treatment of autism spectrum disorder (ASD).† Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(43), pp.50-55. Umekage, T. (2011) â€Å"Association of the oxytocin receptor (OXTR) gene polymorphisms with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in the Japanese population.† Journal of human genetics, 55(3), pp. 23-32. Visootsak, J. and Picker, J. (2015) â€Å"Advances in the treatment of fragile X syndrome.† Pediatrics, 123(1), pp.378-390. Wehner, A. and Hagerman, R. (2011) â€Å"The behavioral phenotype in fragile X: symptoms of autism in very young children with fragile X syndrome, idiopathic autism, and otherdevelopmental disorders.† Journal of developmental & behavioral pediatrics, 22(6), pp.409-417.To modify or extend this essay or to get pricing on a custom essay Contact Us TodayOther Links: Summary Reviewer Admin – Jane Review Date 2017-07-18 Reviewed Item Autism Spectrum Disorder – Causes, Reasons and Treatments Author Rating 5

Medical Technology profession Essay

1. Among the past presidents of PAMET, who do you think has the greatest contribution in Medical Technology profession? Why do you think so? The first president, Mr. Charlemagne Tamondong, I think has the greatest contribution in the field of Medical Technology. Mr. Tamondong has proven that without his achievements as the first PAMET president, the association would never be as it is as now. He had worked for the medical technologist’s name to be accepted by the public. I believe that he had done these achievements against many obstacles. With his courage, he had made it. He had given honor to the medical technologists. One thing that also admired me of him was his success in working for the House Bill No. 7682. Mr. Tamondong had initiated the Republic Act No. 00557 that medical technologists depend on until now. He is the root of all the achievements of all the PAMET presidents after him until now. And as a future Registered Medical Technologist, I have a great respect of all his works and achievements for the Medical Technology profession. 2. If you are going to become the PAMET President, how are you going to serve the organization? What is/are the issue/s you are going to resolve? What are your plans? Answer: It would be a great opportunity for me to become a PAMET President. It sounds impossible to be achieved by me but when fate gives me the chance to be as a president, my plans would accord for the medical technology students and most especially for the registered medical technologists. Many students majoring the Medical Technology course wanted to achieve in the chosen fields in their respective schools. My plan for the students would be a workshop held in their school. This workshop would be participated by registered medical technologists who are also members of the association. This in result would inspire the students to pursue the course. On the other side, I have visions for the registered medical technologists. There are many medical technology students nowadays. The most likely to happen after 2-3 years would be lack of job of many registered medical technologists. To prevent this to happen, I would be looking for funding for more laboratories to activate thus, aiding the loss of job opportunities of medical technologists and for faster and accurate results for the different laboratory tests.

Time of Death Estimation essays

Time of Death Estimation essays At the University of Tennessee At Knoxville, a two-and-a-half-acre field is dedicated to the study of human remains. The Body Farm has made important contributions to estimating the time factors involved in suspicious deaths. The field has provided valuable information in the field of forensics. Forensic Science allows investigators to unmask the secrets of a crime scene. In criminal cases involving a victim, it is crucial that all evidence be gathered to help solve the crime. One of the most important factors is establishing the time in which the crime occurred. A medical examiner will examine the victim and estimate the time of death based on a variety of changes to the body following death. The medical examiner is the most important individual in an investigation involving a victim. The medical examiner is usually a physician specializing in forensic pathology, the study of structural and functional change in the body because of injury. The medical examiner can determine if the cause of death is natural, accidental, suicidal, or homicidal. This is after the body has been looked over at the morgue, the scene of the crime or the location of death. The responsibility of the medical examiner to conduct an autopsy, examine medical evidence, study the victims history, and put together all the information in a report to be turned in to the proper authorities. The medical examiner can determine the time of death by a variety of changes to the body. The most common factor to determine the time of death is rigor mortis. Right after death the body begins to stiffen. The average amount of time for this to begin is two to three hours. The stiffness shows up in the face, lower jaw, and neck and after twelve to eighteen hours spreads throughout the body. Rigor mortis can last up to thirty-six hours before the body begins to go limp again. The most utilized time of death indicator is known as Ocular. Th ...

Great Circlesâ€Definition and Examples in Geography

Great Circless in Geography A great circle is defined as any circle drawn on a globe (or another sphere) with a center that includes the center of the globe. Thus, a great circle divides the globe into two equal halves. Since they must follow the circumference of the Earth to divide it, great circles are about 40,000 kilometers (24,854 miles) in length along meridians. At the equator, though, a great circle is a little bit longer as the Earth is not a perfect sphere. In addition, great circles represent the shortest distance between two points anywhere on the Earths surface. Because of this, great circles have been important in navigation for hundreds of years but their presence was discovered by ancient mathematicians. Global Locations of Great Circles Great circles are easilye based on the lines of latitude and longitude. Each line of longitude, or meridian, is the same length and represents half of a great circle. This is because each meridian has a corresponding line on the opposite side of the Earth. When combined, they cut the globe into equal halves, representing a great circle. For example, the Prime Meridian at 0Â ° is half of a great circle. On the opposite side of the globe is the International Date Line at 180Â °. It too represents half of a great circle. When the two are combined, they create a full great circle which cuts the Earth into equal halves. The only line of latitude, or parallel, characterized as a great circle is the equator because it passes through the exact center of the Earth and divides it in half. Lines of latitude north and south of the equator are not great circles because their length decreases as they move toward the poles and they do not pass through Earths center. As such, these parallels are considered small circles. Navigating with Great Circles The most famous use of great circles in geography is for navigation because they represent the shortest distance between two points on a sphere. Due to the earths rotation, sailors and pilots using great circle routes must constantly adjust their route as the heading changes over long distances. The only places on Earth where the heading does not change is on the equator or when traveling due north or south. Because of these adjustments, great circle routes are broken up into shorter lines called Rhumb lines which show the constant compass direction needed for the route being traveled. The Rhumb lines also cross all meridians at the same angle, making them useful for breaking up great circles in navigation. Appearance on Maps To determine great circle routes for navigation or other knowledge, the gnomic map projection is often used. This is the projection of choice because on these maps the arc of a great circle is depicted as a straight line. These straight lines are then often plotted on a map with the Mercator projection for use in navigation because it follows true compass directions and is, therefore, useful in such a setting. It is important to note though that when long distance routes following great circles are drawn on Mercator maps, they look curved and longer than straight lines along the same routes. In reality, though, the longer looking, the curved line is actually shorter because it is on the great circle route. Common Uses of Great Circles Today Today, great circle routes are still used for long distance travel because they are the most efficient way to move across the globe. They are most commonly used by ships and aircraft where wind and water currents are not a significant factor though because currents like the jet stream are often more efficient for long distance travel than following the great circle. For example in the northern hemisphere, planes traveling west normally follow a great circle route that moves into the Arctic to avoid having to travel in the jet stream when going the opposite direction as its flow. When traveling east, however, it is more efficient for these planes to use the jet stream as opposed to the great circle route. Whatever their use, though, great circle routes have been an important part of navigation and geography for hundreds of years and knowledge of them is essential for long distance travel across the globe.

Synergistic Relationship Between Higher Education and the Economic Essay

Synergistic Relationship Between Higher Education and the Economic Well-Being of a State - Essay Example In this essay, the researcher states that the unit of analysis is institution level and the study population is all public four-or-more year institutions in the United States. To test the theory of an interdependent and intertwined synergistic relationship of an education society, the economics of a community and the overall economy, ANOVA, correlation analysis, and Regression Modeling analysis was applied by the researcher. This essay is also designed to frame the discussion about approaches states can use to build better models to connect public information about the economics of higher education along with state-level planning and public policy for higher education. This essay focuses mostly on the effects of graduation rate on the Gross State Product (GSP). The researcher mentiones that over the past decade, accountability pressure in education is at the forefront on all levels. According to the human capital theory that proved the theory regarding the interdependent and intertwi ned synergistic relationship between economics and education though it has shown its limits. To strengthen this theory the researcher would need to run a multiple regression model which can also and mainly be used to determine Unrestricted State Appropriation for higher education. In conclusion, the researcher sums up his research on the topic and states that he believes that conducting this model presented in the essay would be a great contribution to the knowledge base on public policy related to the financing of higher education.